In recent years, with the intensification of the intensification of animal husbandry and the development of feed industry in China, some feed additives which are easy to be left in the livestock and poultry body and are harmful to the human body are gradually banned. Our pure natural Chinese herbal medicine is safe, no side effects and other advantages, more and more attention. A large number of experiments show that Chinese herbal medicine feed additives can not only improve animal production performance, and disease prevention and treatment effect is very good. So when food safety is seriously challenged, people focus on the development and utilization of Chinese herbal medicine.
1.Active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicine
Chinese herbal medicine composition and more complex, mainly protein, amino acids, vitamins, oils, resins, sugars, plant pigments, constant elements and trace elements and organic acids, alkaloids, polysaccharides, volatile oil, wax, glycosides, tannins and other organisms Active substances and some unknown growth promoting substances. In particular, its immune active ingredients are polysaccharides, saponins, alkaloids, volatile substances and organic acids, etc.
1.1Alkaloids
Alkaloids have antipyretic, analgesic, antispasmodic, organic phosphorus poisoning, anti-inflammatory, antiasthmatic, anticancer, antimalarial anthelmintic, excitatory or anesthesia center [2].
1.2 Polysaccharide
Studies have shown that polysaccharides are macromolecules organic substances, is a class of low toxicity immune enhancers, both to promote thymus fluid response, but also stimulate the reticuloendothelial system, improve the host of cancer cells specific antigen immune response, can strengthen the normal cells, Improve the body resistance and so on. Such as astragalus polysaccharide can significantly enhance immune function.
1.3 Saponins
Saponins are composed of saponins and sugar, uronic acid composed of a class of complex glycosides compounds, bitter taste.
1.4 Volatile oil
Volatile oil, also known as essential oil, exists in plants, can be distilled with water vapor and is not compatible with water oily liquid. Where the fragrance of Chinese herbal medicine generally contain volatile oil, such as garlic, mint, angelica and cinnamon.
1.5 Organic acids
Organic acids are widely distributed in Chinese herbal medicine (not including amino acids), rarely exist in free form, most organic acids and Na, K, Ca and other metal ions or alkaloids combined salt.
1.6 Minerals
Some Chinese herbal medicine in the inorganic salt content have a certain pharmacological effect, can participate in the regulation of nerve activity and both nutritional and therapeutic effects.
1.7 Plant Pigment
Chinese herbal medicine in the pigment is divided into two types of fat-soluble and water-soluble. Such as chlorophyll water-soluble formulations can be anti-bacterial anti-inflammatory, and promote granulation growth; carotene is a precursor of vitamin A, for the prevention and treatment of vitamin A deficiency.
2.Pharmacological effects of Chinese herbal medicine feed additives
2.1 Increase appetite and growth
Natural Chinese herbal medicine contains a variety of bioactive substances and growth factors, by enhancing the digestion and absorption of nutrients and in vivo synthesis of metabolism to promote the growth and development of animals [51. Improve feed conversion rate, improve the growth performance of poultry and other functions.
2.2 Improve the body’s immune function
Natural Chinese herbal medicine contains bioactive polysaccharides, can enhance the body defense and anti-stress ability, resist the invasion of pathogens, and anti-immune virus and two-way regulation of cellular immune function.
2.3 Anti-bacterial deworming and anti-virus
Natural Chinese herbal medicine is through the Quxie conditioning to restore the normal physiological condition of the body, containing a variety of bioactive substances and disease resistance factors, can prevent disease, improve survival rate, reduce mortality and maintain the health of the body.
2.4 Improve meat quality
Tests show that additives made from a variety of Chinese herbal medicines can enhance the appetite of broilers, improve the quality of chicken meat, make the chicken flavor thicker.
2.5 Overall regulatory role
Chinese herbal medicine through the overall regulation of animal body to promote the body of material and energy metabolism balance is conducive to the healthy development of the body to achieve a balance between yin and yang.
2.6 Environmental protection effects
Natural herbs non-toxic side effects, the protective effect on the environment.
Development Prospect of Chinese Herbal Medicine Additives
(1) Combined with modern medicine, digestive physiology) nutrient metabolic utilization, immune regulation mechanism and hormone secretion regulation and other aspects to explore how natural Chinese herbal medicine in vivo balance, improve intestinal microcirculation and microbial flora, and immune response And other physiological and biochemical reactions.
(2) The compatibility of natural herbs and their synergistic mechanism.
(3) According to the different stages of animal development and production purposes, for different feeding conditions, development and production of a special type of special additives.
(4) Quality control of finished products and raw materials and toxicological safety research. (5) product industrialization, standardization, and participation in the international market competition.
3. Summary
Chinese herbal medicine as a feed additive not only to maintain its natural structure and physiological activity, and its side effects of small, difficult to live in animal products, not easy to produce resistance, etc., contains a variety of immunocompetent substances, promote animal feeding, improve survival rate, Life, hormone-like, vitamin-like role, can fully adjust the body’s physiological function, both their own nutrition and pharmacology of the dual role to adapt to the development and needs of the times. Although there are still some problems, but with the continuous development of science and technology, animal husbandry and feed industry development and people’s awareness of food safety and environmental protection, Chinese herbal medicine as a new type of feed additives will be widely applied to the actual Production practice.
